{"id":1818,"date":"2022-08-20T19:13:56","date_gmt":"2022-08-20T17:13:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.svr.no\/sources-and-further-reading\/"},"modified":"2023-12-14T08:12:31","modified_gmt":"2023-12-14T07:12:31","slug":"sources-and-further-reading","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.svr.no\/en\/about-the-protected-areas\/sources-and-further-reading\/","title":{"rendered":"Kvanndalen Protected Landscape"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.3.2&#8243; custom_css_main_element=&#8221;cursor: s-resize;&#8221;][et_pb_fullwidth_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.svr.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Forside2-Kvanndalen-Fin-fangst-SuldalFoto-scaled.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Mountain valley.&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Photo: Suldal Foto&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243;][\/et_pb_fullwidth_image][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; module_class=&#8221;reveal_section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;3vh||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;custom_row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#eceae9&#8243; width=&#8221;95%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;2560px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;second-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;3vh|3vw|3vh|3vw|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2>Background for protection and threats<\/h2>\n<p>Kvanndalen Protected Landscape was protected to safeguard a distinctive mountainous area that has untouched nature, rich plant life, valuable summer mountain farming areas and grazing landscape, and old and more modern cultural monuments left behind from mountain farming, hillside grazing, hunting, fishing and trapping. The objective of the protection is also to safeguard important wildlife habitats, and especially to secure an interconnected mountainous area and living conditions for the southernmost wild reindeer population in Europe. There are currently no major threats to the botanical heritage values found in Kvanndalen. Localities are often found in steep areas so that wear and tear from humans or grazing sheep do not cause any major problems. Heritage values related to the cultural landscape are threatened by birch trees and juniper bushes which are causing the area to become overgrown. This is particularly a problem in the mountain meadows and other areas below the tree line. There are no conditions connected to current use and traffic that constitute serious threats to Kvanndalen\u2019s function as a wild reindeer habitat. There are few technical encroachments and little traffic in the protected area.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;first-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;]<pee><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Milj\u00f8kart\" src=\"https:\/\/miljoatlas.miljodirektoratet.no\/KlientMini.htm?lang=no&#038;extent=37679|6638035|63884|6655011&#038;layers=385:100;&#038;basemap=KART&#038;opacity=70&#038;saturation=100\" width=\"980px\" height=\"650px\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"> Din nettleser st\u00f8tter ikke Iframe \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/miljoatlas.miljodirektoratet.no\/iFrameSupport.htm?lang=no&#038;extent=37679|6638035|63884|6655011&#038;layers=385:100;&#038;basemap=KART&#038;opacity=70&#038;saturation=100\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\"> Klikk her for \u00e5 \u00e5pne interaktivt kart<\/a> <\/iframe><\/pee>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; module_class=&#8221;reveal_section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;3vh||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;custom_row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#eceae9&#8243; width=&#8221;95%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;2560px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;second-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;3vh|3vw|3vh|3vw|false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Plant life and wildlife<\/h2>\n<p>The vegetation in Kvanndalen Protected Landscape varies from barren mountainous areas to lush hillsides of birch trees and mountain meadows. Some areas are influenced by the nutrient-rich phyllite bedrock which provides the basis for a very rich plant life. These rich localities are a key heritage value in Kvanndalen. Among other things, visitors can find a small prevalence of alpine saxifrage, a plant that only grows a few places in Norway outside of Suldal and Hjelmeland. In addition, a large number of rare alpine plants has been recorded such as the small-white orchid and Ottertail Pass saxifrage. Kvanndalen valley has major heritage values related to its function as a wild reindeer habitat in Setesdal Vesthei-Ryfylkeheiane. There is an important wild reindeer migratory route over Litledalsfleene towards Kistenutenden and then across the valley to Djupetj\u00f8rn. The higher areas in Kvanndalen Protected Landscape are also used each year as both winter and summer grazing grounds by several herds of bull reindeer. Smaller populations of moose and red deer live permanently in Kvanndalen valley. Kvanndalen valley has a very rich birdlife. In addition to species that are commonly found in Rogaland County\u2019s mountain birch forests and high hills, there are also rarer species that nest in Kvanndalen valley such as bluethroats, Eurasian dotterels, common scoters and gyrfalcons. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.svr.no\/en\/wild-reindeer\/\">Read more about wild reindeer<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;first-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.svr.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Kvanndalen-Fjelltjaereblom-SuldalFoto.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Photo: Suldal Foto&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; module_class=&#8221;reveal_section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;3vh||3vh||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;custom_row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#eceae9&#8243; width=&#8221;95%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;2560px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;second-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;3vh|3vw|3vh|3vw|false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Past use of the area<\/h2>\n<p>Many people considered Kvanndalen valley to be the best farming valley in Suldal. Large-scale farming conducted by hired shepherds took place in Kvanndalen valley between the 1920s and 1930s. One can still find traces of 10-12 mountain farms in the valley, and although not all of them were in operation at the same time, they are evidence of intensive utilization of the grazing resources found in the valley. Buildings can still be found at the Fleso, Hidlerberget, Svultanuten and Jensafet mountain farms. Stone shelters can be found at Bakkaleger and Torshidler which were used in connection with journeys through the valley.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;first-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.svr.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Dyregrav-Foto-SVR.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Photo: SVR&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; module_class=&#8221;reveal_section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;3vh||3vh||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;custom_row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#eceae9&#8243; width=&#8221;95%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;2560px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;second-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;3vh|3vw|3vh|3vw|false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Current use<\/h2>\n<p>Kvanndalen valley continues to be an important grazing area for sheep, and approximately 800 animals grazed in the area in 2013. Today, Stavanger Trekking Association has a tourist cabin at Svultanuten. This cabin was built as early as 1898. Trekking routes lead out from this cabin to Kvanndalsdammen and Roalkvam, through Kvanndalen valley to Haukeliseter and Skorpeskar to Sandvatn lake, and further on to Holmevasshytta cabin or Bleskestadmoen. Kvanndalshytta cabin has approximately 130 overnight stays each year and is mostly used during the summer and autumn. Kvanndalen valley has also been an important area for both big game and small game hunting. Moose and red deer hunting take place each year in the lower lying forests, and 15 hunting permits for wild reindeer were allocated in 2013. A lot of small game hunting also takes place in Kvanndalen valley. There is also good trout fishing in many of the area\u2019s lakes and watercourses.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;first-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.svr.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Ved-Litlavatnet-Foto-SVR.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Photo: SVR&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; module_class=&#8221;reveal_section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;3vh||3vh||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; module_class=&#8221;custom_row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;2560px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; background__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; background_color__hover=&#8221;&#8221; background_enable_color__hover=&#8221;off&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;second-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;3vh|3vw|3vh|3vw|false|false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Sources and further reading<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/lovdata.no\/dokument\/LF\/forskrift\/1997-09-26-1043?q=kvanndalen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Verneforskrift p\u00e5 Lovdata<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasjonalparkstyre.no\/uploads\/files_setesdal_vestehei_ryfylkeheiane_frafjordheiane\/Forvaltingsplan-SVR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Forvaltningsplan p\u00e5 verneomr\u00e5destyrets nettstad<\/a> Arkeologisk museum i Stavanger (1983a). Registreringar av arkeologiske kulturminne i Kvanndalen i tidsrommet 19- 24.06.83 og 31.07- 12.08.83. Stavanger Arkeologisk museum i Stavanger (1983b). Registrering av etnologiske kulturminner i Kvanndalen i tidsrommene 21.- 24.06 og 29.-30.09.83 i samband med planar om vasskraftutbygging. Stavanger. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nb.no\/items\/912308319bf55c4eab8cc04bef4c47d0?page=0&amp;searchText=\">Bakka, Tryggve (1997).\u00a0 Stadnamn, vegar og verksemd i Dyraheio. AmS-Varia 16 <\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/uis.brage.unit.no\/uis-xmlui\/handle\/11250\/217946\">Bang-Andersen, Sveinung (1983).\u00a0 Kulturminner i Dyraheio. AmS-Varia 12 <\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/uis.brage.unit.no\/uis-xmlui\/handle\/11250\/181464\">Bang- Andersen, Sveinung (2004). Reinsdyrgraver i Setesdal Vesthei \u2013 analyse av gravenes beliggenhet, byggem\u00e5te og brukshistorie. AmS-Varia\u00a0 40. Arkeologisk museum: Stavanger.<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/uis.brage.unit.no\/uis-xmlui\/handle\/11250\/220345\">Bang- Andersen, Sveinung (2008). De f\u00f8rste jegerne i Dyraheio \u2013 utnyttelsen av Setesdal Vesthei i steinalder ca 7000-3500 \u00e5r f\u00f8r n\u00e5tid. AmS-Varia\u00a0 48. Arkeologisk museum: Stavanger.<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nb.no\/items\/0b920e31d353b9ec53d0b3e639e27915?page=5&amp;searchText=\">Brandal, Trygve og Tjeltveit, Nj\u00e5l (1996). Sau og hei. Sauehald og heiaf\u00f8ring i Ryfylke og p\u00e5 Haugalandet. Ryfylkemuseet.<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nb.no\/items\/3bfbd65d4f1e896fff34433a0c420edf?page=1&amp;searchText=\">Brandal, Trygve og Tjeltveit, Nj\u00e5l (1998). Geit og st\u00f8l. Geitehald i Ryfylke og Nord-Rogaland. Ryfylkemuseet.<\/a> Fold\u00f8y, Oddveig (1988). Kvanndalen var \u201dden beste seterdalen\u201d i Suldal. I Stavanger Turistforening, Velkommen til fjells. En h\u00e5ndbok for turer fr\u00e5 Haukeliseter i nord til Frafjord i s\u00f8r. Fr\u00f8yland-Pallelsen, Per (1987). Kvanndalen. I Stavanger Turistforening, Geologi for fjellvandrere. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasjonalparkstyre.no\/uploads\/files_setesdal_vestehei_ryfylkeheiane_frafjordheiane\/Forvaltningsplan-Dyraheio-Kvanndalen-Holmevassano-1993.pdf\">Fylkesmannen i Rogaland. Forvaltningsplan for Kvanndalen landskapsvernomr\u00e5de, Dyraheio landskapsvernomr\u00e5de og Holmavass\u00e5no Biotopvernomr\u00e5de i Suldal kommune, Rogaland.<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasjonalparkstyre.no\/uploads\/files_setesdal_vestehei_ryfylkeheiane_frafjordheiane\/Verneplan-for-Kvanndalen-Dyraheio-Holmavassano.pdf\">Fylkesmannen i Rogaland (1993). Verneplan for Kvanndalen landskapsvernomr\u00e5de, Dyraheio landskapsvernomr\u00e5de og Holmavass\u00e5no biotopvernomr\u00e5de i Suldal kommune, Rogaland.<\/a> Meyer, Ole Berger og Astrid Botnen (1983.) Flora og vegetasjon i Kvanndalen, Suldal, indre Ryfylke. Botanisk institutt. Rapport 31. Universitetet i Bergen. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasjonalparkstyre.no\/uploads\/files_setesdal_vestehei_ryfylkeheiane_frafjordheiane\/SVR-Notat-1-2021-Naturmangfald-og-kulturminne-i-Kvanndalen-og-Dyraheio-landskapsvernomrader.pdf\">Odden, A (2021). Naturmangfald og kulturminne i Kvanndalen og Dyraheio landskapsvernomr\u00e5de. SVR-Notat 1-2021.<\/a> Pr\u00f8sch- Danielsen, Lisbeth (1990). vegetasjonshistoriske studier fr\u00e5 Suldal og Sauda kommuner, Nord Rogaland. AmS- Rapport 2. Arkeologisk museum i Stavanger. Solheim, Pedersen Einar (1982). St\u00f8lsbruket i heiene. I Hallandsvik, J.E. (red.) Boka om heiene. Gr\u00f8ndahl &amp; S\u00f8n Forlag. Steinnes, Audun (1988). Oversikt over botaniske verneverdiar i Rogaland. \u00d8koforsk rapport. 1988:12. \u00c5s-NLH. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasjonalparkstyre.no\/uploads\/files_setesdal_vestehei_ryfylkeheiane_frafjordheiane\/NINA-Rapport-694-Villreinens-bruk-av-Setesdalsheiene.pdf\">Strand, Olav m.fl (2012). Villreinens bruk av Setesdalsheiene. Sluttrapport fra GPS merkeprosjektet 2006\u20132010. NINA Rapport 694<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;first-on-mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;3vh|3vw|3vh|3vw|false|false&#8221;][\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kvanndalen Protected Landscape is located in the north of Suldal Municipality on the border with Vestland and Telemark and Vestfold counties. The protected area is 84 km\u00b2 and is the second smallest protected landscape in SVR. Although Kvanndalen valley is a natural focal point, Kvanndalen Protected Landscape is home to much more than just the valley that gives its name to the area. It is a place where we also find Rogaland County\u2019s three highest mountains (the highest being Vassdalsegga towering at 1658 meters above sea level), rich flora, important migratory routes for wild reindeer and many cultural monuments in connection with traffic\/travel, summer mountain farming and wild reindeer trapping.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":176,"featured_media":0,"parent":1905,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1818","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kvanndalen Protected Landscape &#8211; Setesdal Vesthei, Ryfylkeheiane og Frafjordheiane<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kvanndalen Protected Landscape was protected in 1997 and is located in the very north of Suldal municipality. 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